Essential Insights on Social Inclusion

According to the International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision published by World Health Organization, visual impairment is categorized into four groups based on an individual's better eye visual acuity:

• Blind – visual acuity worse than 3/60

• Severe – visual acuity better than 3/60, but worse than 6/60

• Moderate – visual acuity better than 6/60, but worse than 6/18

• Mild – visual acuity better than 6/18, but worse than 6/12

In a 2020 study, it was revealed that the global population of individuals with visual impairment stood at an estimated 1.1 billion. Within this group, 43.3 million individuals were classified as blind, while 553 million people experienced varying degrees of vision impairment. Of these, 510 million individuals suffered from visual impairment due to uncorrected presbyopia.

Inclusive education aims to offer every student equal opportunities to attend mainstream schools in age-appropriate classes, providing the necessary support for learning and active participation in all school activities. This approach prioritizes inclusivity regardless of age, gender, ethnicity, language, or disability, ensuring every student can thrive in their educational journey.

Numerous developed nations have ratified the United Nations' Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, demonstrating a commitment to establishing inclusive education systems across all levels and promoting lifelong learning opportunities. 

This global consensus underscores governments' dedication to fostering inclusive environments for individuals with disabilities. Additionally, various national and international organizations have actively advocated for improved quality in education systems and childcare programs specifically tailored to meet the needs of children with disabilities, encouraging further advancements in accessibility and support.

The advancement of technology has led to a significant increase in the adoption of digital learning within mainstream education systems. This shift towards digital platforms has paved the way for innovative technologies like artificial intelligence (AI) and augmented reality (AR) to play a crucial role in assisting visually impaired individuals, marking a notable trend in the market. 

Notably, concepts such as 'assistive technology' and 'educational software in an accessible format' are integral components of the 'Canadian National Standards For the EducatThe advancement of technology has significantly expanded the utilization of digital learning within mainstream education systems. An emerging trend in the market involves leveraging innovative technologies like artificial intelligence (AI) and augmented reality (AR) to assist individuals with visual impairments. Notably, the 'Canadian National Standards For the Education of Children and Youth Who are Blind or Visually Impaired' incorporates 'Assistive technology' and 'Educational software in an accessible format', underscoring the importance of technology in enhancing accessibility in education. 

Additionally, UNESCO has recommended governments to incorporate AI development into education policies and support the advancement of AI technology for educational delivery, signaling a global push towards leveraging cutting-edge technologies for inclusive and effective learning."ion of Children and Youth Who are Blind or Visually Impaired,' highlighting the importance of leveraging technology to enhance accessibility and inclusivity in education.

Research findings from various countries have demonstrated that audio-tactile materials are highly effective tools for visually impaired students to learn subjects such as mobility, mathematics, geography, and science. Additionally, studies have shown that audio-tactile materials can significantly enhance the experience of visually impaired individuals in cultural activities, particularly in museums, enriching their engagement and understanding of cultural artifacts and exhibits.